För närvarande är Kinas tillverkningsindustri i en kritisk övergångsperiod mot högkvalitativ utveckling

At present, China's manufacturing industry is in a critical transition period towards high-quality development, and the healthy operation of the supply chain system has become an important foundation supporting this transformation. However, the problem of supply chain financial pressure is becoming increasingly prominent, especially the difficulties faced by small and medium-sized enterprises in terms of delayed payments and financing, which have become key bottlenecks restricting the coordinated development of the industrial kedja .

On June 15, 2025, the People's Bank of China, in conjunction with the National Financial Supervision and Administration Commission, the Supreme People's Court, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Commerce, and the State Administration for Market Regulation, jointly issued the "Notice on Regulating Supply Chain Financial Business and Guiding Supply Chain Information Service Institutions to Better Serve the Financing of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises" (hereinafter referred to as the "Meddelande") . Detta meddelande behandlar direkt kaoset i finansiering av leveranskedjan och betonar frågorna om fonder och försenade betalningar för små och medelstora företag inom leveranskedjan finansiering, som har väckt omfattande uppmärksamhet i branschen .

 

Det ekonomiska trycket på leveranskedjan fortsätter att intensifiera .

 

In recent years, the scale of accounts receivable of enterprises in China has shown a continuous expansion trend. Data from the National Bureau of Statistics shows that from 2011 to 2021, the cumulative growth of accounts receivable of large-scale industrial enterprises was 168%, while the revenue growth during the same period was only 51.7%. This trend has further Intensifierades under de senaste två åren: I slutet av 2024 nådde kundfordringar av storskaliga industriföretag 26,06 biljoner Yuan, en ökning med 8,6% från år till år; I slutet av mars 2025 steg denna siffra till 25,59 biljoner Yuan, en ökning med 9,9% från år till år.

 

Det som är ännu allvarligare är förlängningen av insamlingsperioden för kundfordringar . Den genomsnittliga insamlingsperioden för kundfordringar var 49 . 5 dagar 2021, en ökning med 19 . 7 dagar jämfört med 2011. 20 mars 2025, denna period hade sträckt sig till 70.9. Ett fall av en viss leverantör av bildelar är ganska representativ: detta företag levererar delar till fordonstillverkare, och betalningsperioden har förlängts från 60 dagar till över 90 dagar, vilket tvingar den att förlita sig på kortfristiga lån för att upprätthålla verksamheten och avsevärt öka sina finansiella kostnader.

 

In the supply chain system, core enterprises usually hold a dominant position. Upstream suppliers expect to shorten the payment period, while downstream distributors tend to extend the payment cycle. This structural contradiction eventually transmits the financial pressure to small and medium-sized enterprises. Some large enterprises even take advantage of their dominant position to shift the financing costs by extending the payment period or discounting commercial bills. The newly issued "Notice" directly addresses this pain point, clearly requiring core enterprises in the supply chain to pay the funds of small and medium-sized enterprises in a timely manner, safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of small and medium-sized enterprises, reasonably sharing the financing costs of the supply chain, and not using their dominant position to delay the payment to small and medium-sized enterprises eller orimligt öka kundens fordringar av små och medelstora företag . De får inte heller kräva små och medelstora företag för att acceptera orimliga betalningsvillkor, och inte heller tvinga dem att acceptera olika icke-kontakta betalningsmetoder eller missbruk av icke-kontinuerliga betalningsmetoder för att förlänga betalningsperioden i förklädnad .})

 

Två huvudvägar för att bryta dödläget

 

To break through the supply chain squeeze predicament, the key lies in the dual drive of policy regulation and technological innovation. At the policy level, the newly issued "Notice" directly addresses the pain points, clearly requiring core enterprises to promptly pay the funds owed to small and medium-sized enterprises, reasonably share the financing costs, and not to delay payment or extend the payment period by taking advantage of their dominant position, providing institutional Garantier för säkerheten för kapitalkedjan för små och medelstora företag .

 

Beyond policy regulations, technological innovation is reshaping the supply chain management model. Through the comprehensive coordination of information flow, business flow, logistics, and capital flow, the digital and intelligent supply chain has successfully achieved the core goal of integrating business and procurement, enabling enterprises to have real-time control over supply chain dynamics, optimize resource allocation, and enhance market response speed. This system not only Ökar effektiviteten och flexibiliteten hos regeringens och företagets upphandling men skapar också nya värdetillväxtpunkter för företag .

 

The core advantage of digital and intelligent procurement lies in its ability to restructure the procurement process through technological means, break down information silos, and achieve comprehensive collaboration among procurement functions and finance, logistics, suppliers, and other links. By means of real-time monitoring, intelligent optimization, and dynamic adjustment, the digital and intelligent procurement platform enhances procurement efficiency and significantly improves the enterprise's Resursallokeringsfunktioner . Att ta JD Huicai Som ett exempel integrerar plattformen upphandling, finans- och logistikdata, att uppnå fullprocessvisualhantering . till exempel från efterfrågan till leverantörsval, från kontraktsignering till prestationsleverans, data från varje länk kan delas i realtid på plattformen {.}}}}}}}}} {5.}})

 

This trend of platformization and ecologization is driving the supply chain to shift from single enterprise competition to system collaboration. By integrating upstream and downstream resources, achieving efficient matching of information flow, capital flow and logistics, leading enterprises are building more resilient industrial ecosystems. At the policy level, the "Notice" encourages the use of big data, blockchain and other technologies to enhance risk control capabilities, while increasing penalties for maliciously overdue accounts. On the enterprise side, core enterprises need to optimize account period management, while small and medium-sized enterprises should enhance their digital capabilities. For financial institutions, it is necessary to innovate financing products based on real transaction data to lower the financing threshold for small and medium-sized Enterprises .

 

Flera parter samarbetar för att bygga en hälsosam leveranskedja Ekosystem .

 

At present, business competition has expanded from the competition of individual products to the overall collaboration and innovation of the supply chain ecosystem. In recent years, the Chinese government has provided strong support for the new energy vehicle industry. The government has set a target that new energy vehicles will account for 50% of new car sales by 2030, which provides a vast market space for the development of this industry.

 

Samtidigt utvecklas bilindustrin, men vissa biltillverkare har en relativt lång betalningsperiod för sina leverantörer . Denna situation finns i bilindustrins leveranskedja . Det har gett ett stort antal små och medelstora leverantörer och har en inverkan på den samordnade utvecklingen av den leveranskedjan {}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}.}}}}}}}}}}}}}}

 

In response to this situation, the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology have recently proposed that leading enterprises in the supply chain should set the payment period for accounts receivable at 60 days. This requirement has guiding significance for regulating payment behavior in the industrial chain. If this normative requirement can be effectively implemented, it will help alleviate the financial pressure on small and medium-sized suppliers and enhance the stability of each link in the industrial chain. This may lay a more solid foundation for the long-term and healthy coordinated development of the automotive industrial chain. A stable and efficient supply chain system is the basis for improving product quality and achieving technological innovation. In the long run, it will also help the Chinese automotive industry better participate in international competition and gradually create internationally influential Välkända märken .

 

Breaking the current deadlock requires the concerted efforts of the government, enterprises and financial institutions. The government should continue to improve relevant policies, standardize supply chain finance business, and provide a better financing environment for small and medium-sized enterprises. Enterprises should strengthen supply chain management, promote digital and intelligent transformation, and improve the collaborative efficiency and response speed of the supply chain. Financial institutions should innovate financial products and services, and provide more convenient and efficient financing support for enterprises on the supply chain. Core enterprises should take the lead in abiding by the payment terms, and reduce the occupation of funds from upstream and downstream. Small and medium-sized enterprises need to enhance their management level and digital capabilities, and improve their risk Motstånd . Finansinstitut bör exakt matcha leveranskedjans finansieringsbehov och använda tekniska medel för att minska kostnaden för riskkontroll .

 

For instance, as a provider of infrastructure services for government and enterprise procurement, JD's government and enterprise business has an integrated intelligent supply chain platform that enables in-depth collaboration between government and enterprise procurement departments and various suppliers and business units. Through this collaborative effort, enterprises can not only achieve cost control in the procurement process but also achieve win-win results in multiple areas such as green procurement and Kolminskning . I processen för ekologisk utveckling spelar plattformen en kärnroll i leveranskedjan .

 

The efficiency of supply chain funds is directly related to the competitiveness and stability of the manufacturing industry. With the implementation of policies and the in-depth application of technology, China's supply chain system is moving towards a more efficient and fair direction. This transformation not only helps alleviate the current problem of capital squeeze but also provides a lasting impetus for high-quality economic development. In the Framtiden är det nödvändigt att kontinuerligt förbättra infrastrukturen för finansiering av leveranskedjan, främja bildandet av ett dygdigt utvecklingsmönster som styrs av regeringen, dominerad av marknaden och stöds av teknik, för att verkligen bryta deadlock of Supply Chain Squeeze och uppnå högkvalitativ ekonomisk utveckling .